Contents include what nociception is and why it is important for us to know more about nociception. Recent pain science is introduced, including the biopsychosocial model. We go over nociceptive receptors, the influence of the spinal cord and the brain, and an updated definition of pain. Several of Milton’s quotes related to how to modify movement in the presence of pain are included. The influence of the immune system on pain is introduced, as well as neural plasticity (both negative and positive and the relationship of this to pain), neural signature, and the concept of “danger in me” and “safety in me” messages and their role in modulating the pain experience. We discuss how our work changes pain in relationship to current pain science.